Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint condition that occurs when the cartilage that cushions the joints gradually changes over time, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced movement. It most commonly affects weight-bearing and frequently used joints, such as the knees, hips, hands, and spine.

Osteoarthritis develops due to a combination of factors, including age, previous injury, joint loading, genetics, and activity levels. It is not simply “wear and tear” and does not mean joints are damaged beyond use.

Common symptoms include:

• Joint pain that may worsen with activity and ease with rest
• Stiffness, particularly in the morning or after sitting
• Reduced range of movement
• Swelling or a feeling of joint heaviness
• Reduced confidence with daily activities

Physiotherapy management focuses on:

• Reducing pain and stiffness
• Improving joint mobility and muscle strength
• Optimising movement patterns and load management
• Supporting physical activity and long-term joint health
• Providing education and reassurance about safe movement