Nerve Entrapment

Nerve entrapment occurs when a peripheral nerve becomes compressed or irritated as it travels through surrounding tissues such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, or bony tunnels. This compression can disrupt normal nerve signalling, leading to pain and changes in sensation or strength.

Nerve entrapment can develop gradually due to repetitive movements, prolonged positions, muscle tightness, or swelling, or occur following injury, surgery, or changes in activity levels.

Common areas affected include the neck, shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, and knee, with well-known examples such as carpal tunnel syndrome, cubital tunnel syndrome, and tarsal tunnel syndrome.

Common symptoms include:

• Tingling or “pins and needles”
• Numbness or altered sensation
• Sharp, burning, or shooting pain
• Muscle weakness or reduced coordination
• Symptoms that worsen with certain positions or activities

Physiotherapy management focuses on:

• Reducing nerve irritation and compression
• Improving movement and posture to relieve pressure on the nerve
• Restoring strength and mobility in surrounding muscles
• Using nerve-gliding techniques where appropriate
• Addressing contributing factors such as workload, ergonomics, and activity habits