Ankle Ligament Sprains

An ankle ligament sprain is one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries and occurs when the ligaments that support the ankle are overstretched or torn. This most commonly happens when the foot rolls inwards (inversion injury), often during sport, walking on uneven ground, or a sudden change of direction.

The ligaments most frequently affected are on the outside (lateral aspect) of the ankle, particularly the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL). Less commonly, ligaments on the inside of the ankle or the syndesmosis (“high ankle sprain”) may be involved.

Ankle sprains are typically classified into grades:

• Grade I – mild stretching of the ligament with minimal swelling and discomfort
   
• Grade II – partial tear with moderate pain, swelling, and reduced stability
   
• Grade III – complete rupture with significant swelling, pain, and ankle instability
   

Common symptoms include pain, swelling, bruising, stiffness, and difficulty weight-bearing. Without appropriate rehabilitation, ankle sprains can lead to ongoing instability, recurrent sprains, and long-term issues such as chronic ankle pain.

Physiotherapy plays a key role in recovery, focusing on:

• Reducing pain and swelling
   
• Restoring movement, strength, and balance
   
• Improving ankle stability and control
   
• Supporting a safe and confident return to sport or daily activity